中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)肠道和肝胰腺5-羟色胺(5-HT)和5-羟色胺受体2(5-HTR2)的定位研究     

杨筱珍  李彤  李萌  张佳鑫  黄坚  徐泽文  何杰  杨志刚  王春  成永旭 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(5):1139-1145

肠道和肝胰腺是中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)重要的消化器官,本文运用组织学技术测量了中肠和后肠长度,并对肠道长与体长进行相关性分析。应用免疫组化技术对5-HT和5-HT受体2进行组织定位和计数。结果表明:(1)中华绒螯蟹的肠道长与体长接近,两者之间呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。后肠长度约为中肠的2倍;(2)5-HT和5-HT受体2在中肠和后肠中的组织定位和数量相似,均分布于黏膜上皮细胞间和肌层与外膜交界处,亦见于后肠的固有膜和黏膜下层与肌层交界处,在肠球外膜中也有大量分布;(3)5-HT和5-HT受体2阳性物质在肝胰腺的四种细胞的胞核中均有分布,在F细胞的胞质中也有分布。5-HT和5-HT受体2在中华绒螯蟹肠道和肝胰腺组织中的分布规律一致,表明中华绒螯蟹消化道5-HT发挥生理功能可能与5-HT受体2有关。此外,5-HT和5-HT受体2在后肠近肌细胞分布的特点可能与肠道收缩有关。后肠在中华绒螯蟹消化生理中的作用应引起重视。  相似文献   

1979-2010年我国大陆海岸潟湖变迁的多时相遥感分析     

孙伟富  张杰  马毅  夏东兴 《海洋学报》2015,37(3):54-69

潟湖是重要的海岸湿地类型,具有丰富的自然资源和独特的生态功能。近几十年来,我国的海岸潟湖遭到了极大破坏,因此,开展我国海岸潟湖遥感监测与分析具有重要意义。本文根据1979年、1990年、2000年和2010年的4期共102景多时相遥感影像数据,利用遥感和地理信息系统等技术方法对我国大陆海岸潟湖进行了遥感监测,首次调查统计了我国大陆海岸潟湖的名称、数量、分布、岸线长度和面积信息,并对近31年来我国大陆海岸潟湖的变迁状况进行了分析。结果表明,1979年我国大陆海岸潟湖共计251个,近31年,共消失19个潟湖,其中辽宁省消失15个,广东省消失3个,广西壮族自治区消失1个;1979年我国大陆海岸潟湖岸线总长度为2 692.26km,总面积为1 092.805 5km2,至2010年我国大陆海岸潟湖岸线总长度共减少337.80km,潟湖总面积共减少204.103km2;31年间,我国大陆海岸潟湖的岸线长度和潟湖面积总体均处在持续减少的状态,各省(自治区)也基本符合该规律;1979-2010年间,我国大陆海岸潟湖大部分处在老年期,死亡期潟湖消失19个。  相似文献   

目标样本粒度判据在海湾环境演变研究中的运用——以福建前湖湾为例     

俞鸣同  刘秀铭  杨华玮  曹宏伟  唐荣骏  刘巍  龚正权  陈有喜  陈樱  孙巧红  郭杰 《海洋学报》2015,37(9):106-112

高密度采集福建前湖湾海岸剖面133个泥沙样品做粒度分析,其频率曲线显示多种粒度分布特征,预示多种沉积环境的变化。采集研究剖面周边海滩、河口浅滩、河口、滨海沼泽和海岸沙丘等已知环境的样品作为目标样本。将目标样本沉积参数平均粒径(Mz)、标准偏差(σ)、峰态(Kg)设为判别参数,利用Excel计算海岸剖面样品与目标样本参数的距离,筛选最小距离样品,归为已知目标样本的同类。据此,分析了海岸剖面蕴含的6个沉积环境变化阶段。利用剖面底部淤泥测年14C=(328 15±170)a BP,和剖面上部泥炭测年14C=(24 130±100)a BP,了解这一变化发生的年代。自(32 815±170)a BP以来,前湖湾经历了河口浅滩-河口、沙丘-河口-滨海沼泽-海滩-沙丘等海岸环境演变过程。  相似文献   

在大洋环流模型中对应于惯性内波破碎的垂直混合的一个参数化方案   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范植松  尚真琦  张善武  胡瑞金  刘海龙 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(1):11-22

Based on the theoretical spectral model of inertial internal wave breaking(fine structure) proposed previously, in which the effects of the horizontal Coriolis frequency component f-tilde on a potential isopycnal are taken into account, a parameterization scheme of vertical mixing in the stably stratified interior below the surface mixed layer in the ocean general circulation model(OGCM) is put forward preliminarily in this paper. Besides turbulence, the impact of sub-mesoscale oceanic processes(including inertial internal wave breaking product) on oceanic interior mixing is emphasized. We suggest that adding the inertial internal wave breaking mixing scheme(F-scheme for short) put forward in this paper to the turbulence mixing scheme of Canuto et al.( T-scheme for short) in the OGCM, except the region from 15°S to 15°N. The numerical results of F-scheme by using WOA09 data and an OGCM(LICOM, LASG/IAP climate system ocean model) over the global ocean are given. A notable improvement in the simulation of salinity and temperature over the global ocean is attained by using T-scheme adding F-scheme, especially in the mid- and high-latitude regions in the simulation of the intermediate water and deep water. We conjecture that the inertial internal wave breaking mixing and inertial forcing of wind might be one of important mechanisms maintaining the ventilation process. The modeling strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC) by using T-scheme adding F-scheme may be more reasonable than that by using T-scheme alone, though the physical processes need to be further studied, and the overflow parameterization needs to be incorporated. A shortcoming in F-scheme is that in this paper the error of simulated salinity and temperature by using T-scheme adding F-scheme is larger than that by using T-scheme alone in the subsurface layer.  相似文献   

在Zebiak-Cane模式中观测MJO强迫对ENSO可预报性的影响, 第1部分:对最大预报误差的影响     

PENG Yuehu  SONG Junqiang  XIANG Jie  SUN Chengzhi 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(5):39-45

With the observational wind data and the Zebiak-Cane model, the impact of Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) as external forcing on El Ni(n)o–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictability is studied. The obs...  相似文献   

基于小波变换和HIS变换的海冰SAR与光学遥感影像融合方法研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

刘眉洁  戴永寿  张杰  张晰  孟俊敏  谢钦川 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(3):59-67

Sea ice as a disaster has recently attracted a great deal of attention in China. Its monitoring has become a routine task for the maritime sector. Remote sensing, which depends mainly on SAR and optical sensors, has become the primary means for sea-ice research. Optical images contain abundant sea-ice multi-spectral information, whereas SAR images contain rich sea-ice texture information. If the characteristic advantages of SAR and optical images could be combined for sea-ice study, the ability of sea-ice monitoring would be improved. In this study, in accordance with the characteristics of sea-ice SAR and optical images, the transformation and fusion methods for these images were chosen. Also, a fusion method of optical and SAR images was proposed in order to improve sea-ice identification. Texture information can play an important role in sea-ice classification. Haar wavelet transformation was found to be suitable for the sea-ice SAR images, and the texture information of the sea-ice SAR image from Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar(ASAR) loaded on ENVISAT was documented. The results of our studies showed that, the optical images in the hue-intensity-saturation(HIS) space could reflect the spectral characteristics of the sea-ice types more efficiently than in the red-green-blue(RGB) space, and the optical image from the China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite(CBERS-02B) was transferred from the RGB space to the HIS space. The principal component analysis(PCA) method could potentially contain the maximum information of the sea-ice images by fusing the HIS and texture images. The fusion image was obtained by a PCA method, which included the advantages of both the sea-ice SAR image and the optical image. To validate the fusion method, three methods were used to evaluate the fused image, i.e., objective, subjective, and comprehensive evaluations. It was concluded that the fusion method proposed could improve the ability of image interpretation and sea-ice identification.  相似文献   

内核及外围尺度对热带气旋强度影响的数值试验     

吴联要  雷小途  汤杰 《海洋学报》2015,37(9):29-38

采用WRF数值模式模拟并对热带气旋尺度与强度关系进行了探讨,且初步诊断分析了内核及外围尺度对热带气旋强度影响的可能机制,结果表明:(1)内核区较大时的缩放引起角速度变化是其影响热带气旋强度的机制之一;(2)内核区较小时的进一步收缩引起的眼区次级环流破坏是其影响热带气旋强度的一种机制;(3)外围尺度变化造成低层上升至高层的水汽总量变化,是其影响热带气旋强度的一种机制;另一方面,外围尺度发生变化使得低层气流向热带气旋内的辐合减少,亦是其影响热带气旋强度的机制之一。  相似文献   

基于HJ-1A高光谱的黄河口碱蓬和柽柳盖度反演模型研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

任广波  张杰  马毅 《海洋学报》2015,37(9):51-58

碱蓬和柽柳是黄河口湿地典型的盐生植物类型,是多种保护珍禽的主要栖息地,具有景观尺度较小、分布广且多混生的特点。应用覆盖黄河口北部潮滩的HJ-1A高光谱遥感影像,基于现场测量的端元光谱和从遥感影像中使用顺序最大角凸锥法(SAMCC)自动提取的端元光谱,应用线性光谱分解法(LSU)、正交子空间投影法(OSP)、匹配滤波法(MF)、最小能量约束法(CEM)和自适应一致估计法(ACE)5种不同光谱解混方法进行混合像元光谱解混,对比两种方法得到的端元光谱分别对碱蓬和柽柳盖度的反演能力,并给出相应的反演模型。结果显示:(1)现场测量端元光谱取得了较好的碱蓬和柽柳盖度反演结果,其中应用LSU方法的光谱解混结果与现场测量盖度的决定系数对于碱蓬和柽柳分别达到了0.88和0.95;(2)两种端元获取方式的光谱解混结果中,LSU和OSP方法均获得了较高的相关性,ACE解混方法的相关性都最低;(3)SAMCC方法提取端元光谱对柽柳的分解结果与现场测量盖度的相关性远高于碱蓬。  相似文献   

2008年中国沿岸冬季寒潮激发陆架波的小波分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李君益  郑全安  胡建宇  范振华  朱佳  陈涛  朱本璐  徐莹 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(11):22-31

This study applies the wavelet analysis to the tidal gauge records, alongshore winds, atmospheric temperature and pressure along the China coast in winter 2008. The analysis results show three events of sea level oscillations(SLOs) on the shelf induced by winter storms. The first event occurred from January 9 to 21. The SLO periods were double-peaked at 1.6–5.3 and 7.0–16.0 d with the power densities of 0.04–0.05 and 0.10–0.15 m2·d, respectively.The second event occurred from February 5 to 18. The SLO period was single-peaked at 2.3–3.5 d with power density of 0.03–0.04 m2·d. The third event occurred from February 20 to March 8. The SLO periods were doublepeaked at 1.5–4.3 and 6.1–8.2 d with the power densities of 0.08–0.11 and 0.02–0.08 m2·d, respectively. The SLOs propagated along the coast from Zhejiang in north to Guangdong in south. The phase speeds ranged about 9–29m/s from Kanmen to Pingtan, 5–11 m/s from Xiamen to Huizhou and 11–22 m/s from Huizhou to Shuidong. The dispersion relation of the SLOs shows their nature of coastal-trapped wave.  相似文献   

江苏近岸紫菜养殖筏架区定生绿藻群落结构及其受控因素   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

李艳  肖洁  丁兰平  王宗灵  宋伟  方松  范士亮  李瑞香  张学雷 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(8):93-99

基于2010年10月至2011年4月对苏北紫菜养殖筏架区定生绿藻及环境因素调查数据,分析研究了紫菜筏架上定生绿藻种群结构和数量变化及重要环境因子对其的影响并估算了调查区绿藻总生物量.结果表明,筏架上定生绿藻种类有浒苔(Ulva prolifera)、盒管藻(Capsosiphon groenlandicus)、缘管浒苔(Ulva linza)、肠浒苔(Ulva intestinalis)、条浒苔(Ulva clathrata)和扁浒苔(Ulva compressa).绿藻生物量变化呈倒抛物线型,4月份为主高峰14898吨,11月份为次高峰2034吨,2月份最低,仅为729吨,3-4月份绿藻几乎呈暴发性增长.种类多样性随季节变化有很大差异,养殖筏架刚入海的9、10月份,绿藻种类丰富,生物多样性高;12月至笠年2月,尽管生物量很低,但仍是多种并存;3-4月份随着生物量的猛增,种类多样性降至最低,盒管藻优势地位明显,生物量比例最大能到80%,浒苔比例呈指数增长,达20%～40%.水温对绿藻生物量及种类演替有直接调控作用,在水温< 10℃时,绿藻即能快速生长;而盐度作用不明显.开展紫菜筏架上定生绿藻群落动态变化及其生物量的估算,为追溯南黄海大规模绿潮发源地提供佐证,为绿潮预防和治理提供基础数据支撑.  相似文献